Pulley



Aug# 15 1927- w. T. HENsLL-:Y

PULLEY orminaL; Filed Jan. 2

Patented Aug. 16, 1927.

'UNITED STATES I TIILIJIADI.T. HENSLEY, 0F INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

PULLEY.

Application led January 2, 1923, Serial No. .$10,175. Renewed May 16, 1927.

` This invention Vrelates to the manufacture of pulleys. and more particularly to those constructed from `plates of suitable material, such as layers of strawboard or similar mate- 5 rial alternating with metal plates, so lthat the edges of the fibrous material are presented at the V`surface of the pulley, thereby forming' a desirable, trictional, tractive surtace for a belt orv other power transmission device. v l

It will be seen that this is 'an improvement on the construction shown in prior application No. 550,001, -liled April 6, 1922 for improvement in pulleys.

It is an object of the invention to provide a balanced, symmetrical, laminated pulley of the tvpe shown in my prior application Serial No. 550,001, -iiled April 6, 1922, for an improvement in pulleys, in which the laminated materialis more dense at the inner portion than upon the outer surface, thus providing a relatively soft and maximum frictional surface for engagement with a belt or other power transmissionl device, and a relatively dense.` inner portion having a maximum mechanical strength for engagement with a shaft.

More particularly, it is van object of .the present invention to provide a strong, rigid, andA yet relatively light, core' structure in which the fibrous laminas are tightly clamped together and` this lWithout the use of securing' means other than the rivets provided to hold theend 'pla-tes together.

A Jfurther object et the invention is lto provide a pulley which is adaptedto receive end plates which may be recessed, as Well as those of the flat type. y

These and other objects ot the invention will be apparent from the following description and annexed drawings, in Which- Figure 1 is a sideelevation of a pulley embodyingthe principles ot the invention,

longitudinal section to illustrate the method ot combining' the layers of strawbvoafrd orV transverse section 'on line prises showing one'en-d portion thereof in vertical .struction `together after the compression thereof in the desired manner.

- rFigure 7 lis an edge view of said rivet plate.

As 'shown in the drawings, .the pulley commaterial, such as strawbo-ard, paper, or other Vsuitable material, alternating with the relatively hard plates 2, preferably of metal, 1So that when tibrous layers have been clamped and compressed between the plates the center .I of the pulley will be more dense than the outer .portion of the pulley'. The plates 2 are smaller in 'diameter than the strawboard layers, and the strawboard material between the plates compressed with a relatively large pressure, thus substantially increasing` the vdensity of the fibrous material. to `form a relatively hard` dense cent-ral portien adiacent the center 7. The outer portion ot the pulley. however, is preferably not compressed sufficiently to materially increase its density se that it will present a relatively soft, frictional surface for power transmission. n Y

` The laminas of the jpu-lley may consist ot any suite.. le librous material, suchl as strawboard andthe like, which is secured together and permanently held by any suitable means,

plurality et laminze 1 of fibrousk such as rivets, Aas more fully described vherefvg. f

inafter. The plates 2 are provided with notches 0r apertures 4t. through which the rivet bars 3 may be passed. These are symmetrically arra-nged'around the center ot the pulley so hat a ll'ialance'd' structure is provided. Furthermore, the rivet bars assist in binding the pulley together and with the metal plates which have a relatively large surface engagement with the-inner portions of vthe librous laminas, assist. in vtransrnittingg the' torque to the pulle,7 or to the shaft. depending upon Whether the pulley is driven by the shaft or drives the shaft. y

The rivets 3 are preferably shouldered, as

at 3a, to provi'derreduced outer port-ions 3b. The'end plates,as shown.` are preferably apertured to 'receive only the reduced vportions fb of the rivets so that when the end pilates are vmounted on' the assembly and placed in a press the shoulders 3a will ten-d to limit the movement toward each other of the end plates and the portions 3b Lmay be lheaded over or expanded to tightly hold the end plates. Bv this means it is possible'toy control "the'widths of lfaces ofthe pulleys by the length ot the rivets as end plates are seated against the rivet shoulders 3a. The notches or apertures 4l: et the plates 2 are preferably olf polygonal shape and the rivets are similarly shaped to engage them. Due to this construction and also to the 'tact that the end plates are rigidly held against movement relative to the rivets bythe shoulders 3a ot the rivets and the rivet heads, a skeleton Itrame is produced which has considerable strength in itself due to the tact that the structuie is rigid against endvvise movement and against torsional movement, and this is true even in the absence et librous material, which ot course When present strengthens the structure.

The end plates may be countersunk or dished. il. desired and it sufficiently countern sunk, it may be necessary to provide additional tiller rings or laminas l, as indicated in Fig. l.

The end plates 5 and the metal plates Q. may obviously be perforated when termed with a central aperture 8 ot the proper size, and also the end plates may be termed with notches 26 and the plates 2 with notches 9. lfilhen assembled and permanently secured together. it will thus be seen `that a central bore 7 with a continuous key seat 27 is provided.

llt is obvious, however, that the end plates 5 and the plates 2 may be formed with a relatively small central aperture which can be subsequently bored to the size desired and can have a key seat subsequently formed therein.

Threaded apertures 25 may be provided tor the ret screws 6, the apertures 25 preterably passing through a rivet bar in order that the threads may be formed in a substantial thickness ot solid metal. lt will, however, be noticed that when the metal plates are sui'liciently close together, as shown in Fig. l, threads are actually formed .throughout the radial length of a plurality ot these plates, so that good metal threads aretormed tor a considerable length.

' ln the manufacture ot my pulleys, fibrous units, either ot polygonal or circular shape, and metal units, such as shown in Fig. il, are fabricated in any suitable manner from strips or sheets. The metal plates are pret'- erably polygonal or non-circular, so that they will have no tendency to inovc'relative to the tibrous material. In case tibrous units ot polygonal shape are used, the outer portions are subsequently trimmed to the desired contour.

In order to make my pulley, the paper or fibrous laininre and metal platee-1 may lie punched and assembled on any receiving device, ready tor'the reception of the end pl ites and rivets. After the end plates are applied and the rivets inserted, the assembly is be produced.

as 4 or more tons per square inch. The inner portions ot the librous laminas are, therefore, compressed bet-Ween the metal plates until the density of the iibrous material is substantially increased, thus torminga relatively hard, dense central portion serving as a core, the fibrous part ot Which is integral with the librous material forming the outer portion of the pulley. Theportion ot the tibrous laminre adjacent the outside surtaceis slightly pressed to give it a permanent set and yet it presents ra relatively sojtt trictional surface.Y

During the assembling oi? the-layers ot' brous material, or at any time, the strawboard may be treated with adhesive or any other liquid which Will produce the desired etlect, but this is preferably done by means ot a `Waterproof binder, such as casein glue or any similar adhesive. The libro s mass Wit-li the Waterproof glue or other adhesive therein may, While under compression, be dried in any suitable manner, as in an oven, and any shrinkage that may occur during the drying operation may be taken up by repress-ing andre-riveting in the pres. Preterably, the grain ot the straivboard runs in one direction in certain layers and at an angle the-reto in otherlayers, so that thegrains will cross and the end grain ot the strawboard laininae Will be disposed around the circun'iterence ot the pulley,`thus iinproving the strength oi the pulley and the durability ot the outer surface ortace of the pulley.v Atthis time there is practically no longitudinal strain on the rivets because vthe fibrous material has set or shrunk so that it does not have `a tendency toV` expand or come apart. f Y y While I have shown in the drawing, blanks havingpe'rt'oratioiis, to receive lour rivet bars, any desired number ot rivet bars can be used but they should be symmetricaily arranged so that a'balancetL pulley will lt is also obvious that in trimn'iing the linished pulley the surface may be termed truly cylindrical or Vbe formed 'with a crowned surface (not shown), as is common in this art.

It Will thus be seen that by connai-easing the inner portions of the fibrous laminas between hard or metal plates'ot less radial dimension, l have produce-d a laminated pulley which has its density considerably increased at the inner portion, sothat it has a inaiiimum mechanical sti'engthtor engagement Twith a shaft, and also I have obtained an outer portion which relativelvsott to vide a maximum itrictional surface for engagement with a belt or other poiver transmitting device.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that lll) the particular forms ot apparatus slioivn and pressed with a relatively great pressure, such described, and the particular procedure set Wl Cil forth, are presented for purposes of explanation and illustration and that various modifieations of said apparatus and procedure can be made without departing from my invention as defined in the appended claims,-

lllhat I claim as my invention is l. A laminated pulley for power transmission comprisinga pair of opposed end plates, fibrous laminas of compressible material of substantially the same internal diameter as the pulley and adapted to formr the outer working face of the pulley, a plurality of non-circular, multi-sided plates of relatively hard material of materially less external diameter than the end plates uniformly distributed through the body of the pulley between the fibrous laminae and coneentrically arranged relative to said laminae, said plates having rivet apertures formed therein aligned with corresponding aprtures formed in the fibrous laminse, each aperture of said plates being arranged symmetrically with krespect to the sides of the polygonal plates, and rivet bars extending through the pulley body adapted to fit said apertures to hold the end plates, the fibrous laminee, and the plates of hard material in rigid assembled relation to form a pulley having a relatively` dense internal hub surface formed by said laminae and said plates of hard material and a relatively soft exterior working surface formed by the laminae.

2. The invention specified in claim 1 in which the rivets are shouldered adjacent each of their ends and provided with reduced extensions-to engage apertures formed in each of said end plates, whereby when said rivet heads are spread each of said end plates will be held rigidly against movement` relative to said rivets and laminas.

3. A pulley comprising a plurality of apertured, circular laminze of relatively soft material and a plurality of similarly aperturer, polygonal, metal plates interposed between said laminas, end plates on said pulley and rivets passing through the apertures in said laminze and plates to hold them together` the fibrous laminae between' said plates being substantially compressed, whereby a pulley having a relatively dense interior and a relatively soft exterior is pro-V duced.

4. A laminated pulley in which the lami-y nre are compressed together to form a oomparatively hard and dense interior for engagement with the shaft or other support and a relatively loose and softer exterior for.

frictional engagement with the belt, said laminas being formed by layers of fibrous material alternating with metal plates, said metal plates being polygonal in form, with slots in the metal plates, each slot extending parallel with the adjacent edge of the metal plate, and rivet bars extending through said rectly mounted, the laminae of said interior formation comprising' metal plates which are oetagonal in form, with slots in said plates, each slot being parallel with the .edges of the plate, and rivet bars inserted through said slots to bind the lamin togethei.

8. A pulley for power transmission comi prising fibrous laminze of compressible material, end plates of substantially the same internal diameter as said laminae and having inwardly extending cup-shaped portions of less diameter than the outer diameter of said fibrous laminas, and rivets for holding said end. plates against relative movement axially of the pulley, whereby said fibrous laminae when compressed will have a relatively dense inner portion that constitutes the hub of the pulley and a relatively soft, frictional outer portion.

9. A structure as specified in claim 7, in combination with dished end plates held in place by said rivet bars and forming eountersunk ends for thek pulley.

l0. A pulley comprising a plurality of apertured, circular lamin of relatively soft material and a plurality of similarly apertured, polygonal, metal plates interposed rbetween said laminze, end plates on said pulley. rivets passing through the apertures in said laminas and plates to hold them together, the fibrous laminas between said plates being substantially compressed, whereby a pulley having a relatively dense interior and a relatively soft exterior is produced, and means mounted on said rivets for clamping t-he pulley to the power transmitting shaft.

11. A pulley having a body formed of lam'inae of fibrous material side by side, end plates of relatively thin pressed sheet metal having inwardly offset inner portions, and shouldered'rivet bars extending through the lamina; and secured to the inwardly offset portions of the end plates whereby the rivety ed heads of said bars are disposed entirely within and protected by the inwardly offset portions of said end plates, said end plates being'sp'aced by the shouldered portions ofr said rivets.

WILLIAM T. HENSLEY,

llO 

